1992 to today
Decisions about Türkiye carry an orange dot.
- 1997COP3
COP3 · Kyoto Protocol
Kyoto
First binding target for Annex I: emissions at least 5% below 1990 over 2008–2012. Emissions trading starts here.
- 1998COP4
COP4 · Buenos Aires Plan of Action
Buenos Aires
A plan to prepare for Kyoto's entry into force: finance, technology transfer, the Kyoto mechanisms.
- 2015COP21
Paris Agreement Article 6 · carbon markets
Paris
Parties may use internationally transferred mitigation outcomes (ITMOs) towards their NDCs (6.2); 6.4 establishes a UN-supervised mechanism.
- 2021COP26
COP26 · Glasgow Climate Pact and Article 6 rules
Glasgow
Call for the phasedown of unabated coal power. Guidance on Article 6.2 cooperative approaches and the rules for the 6.4 mechanism adopted.
- 2024COP29
COP29 · New climate finance goal
Baku
At least USD 300 bn a year by 2035 for developing countries; a call for USD 1.3 tn a year from all sources. Article 6.4 guidance adopted.
- 2025
Türkiye's Climate Law
Ankara
Sets a net-zero goal. The NDC and international carbon markets rest on the agreements Türkiye is party to.
Temperature and finance targets
Figures are taken from the decision texts.
Temperature goal
Limit on warming above pre-industrial levels
- 20102 °C
Cancún: hold the increase below 2 °C
Decision 1/CP.16UN decision text · PDF, p. 3 - 20151.5 °C
Paris: well below 2 °C, efforts towards 1.5 °C
Paris Agreement, Article 2UN decision text · PDF, p. 22 - 20211.5 °C
Glasgow: resolves to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5 °C
Decision 1/CMA.3, para. 21UN decision text · PDF, p. 4
Finance goal
Per year, USD
- $100 bnby 2020
2010 · Cancún: developed countries' commitment to mobilise jointly
Decision 1/CP.16, para. 98UN decision text · PDF, p. 17 - $300 bnby 2035
2024 · Baku: for developing countries
Decision 1/CMA.6UN decision text · PDF, p. 3 - $1.3 tnby 2035
2024 · Baku: all sources, a call
Decision 1/CMA.6UN decision text · PDF, p. 3
What we know about COP31
Source: decisions 18/CP.30 and 1/CMA.7, adopted in Belém. City: the COP31 Presidency's third letter to Parties.
- Dates
- 9–20 November 2026Decision 18/CP.30UN decision text · PDF, p. 18
- Host
- Antalya, TürkiyeCOP31 Presidency, third letter to PartiesCOP31 Presidency · web page
- Sessions
- COP31, CMP21 and CMA8Decision 18/CP.30UN decision text · PDF, p. 18
- Pre-COP
- In a Pacific island countryDecision 18/CP.30UN decision text · PDF, p. 18
- Continued from Belém
- The Global Implementation Accelerator and the “Belém Mission to 1.5”Decision 1/CMA.7UN decision text · PDF, p. 7
- Next
- COP32: Addis Ababa, 2027Decision 18/CP.30UN decision text · PDF, p. 18
Conference days9–20 November 2026
- Mon91
- Tue102
- Wed113
- Thu124
- Fri135
- Sat146
- Sun157
- Mon168
- Tue179
- Wed1810
- Thu1911
- Fri2012
Texts about Türkiye
COP4 · Deleting Turkey from Annexes I and II on the agenda
Decision 15/CP.4UN decision text · PDF, p. 59COP5 · Turkey's efforts recorded
Report of COP5, Part TwoUN decision text · PDF, p. 62COP7 · Turkey deleted from Annex II
Decision 26/CP.7UN decision text · PDF, p. 5COP17 · Support for Parties with recognised special circumstances
Decision 2/CP.17, para. 170UN decision text · PDF, p. 30COP18 · Turkey's different situation reaffirmed
Decision 1/CP.18UN decision text · PDF, p. 17Türkiye's Climate Law
Law No. 7552, Article 2Official Gazette · PDF, p. 2COP31 Presidency · The Türkiye–Australia model
COP31 Presidency, first letter to PartiesCOP31 Presidency · web pageCOP31 Action Agenda · Targets for 2035
COP31 Presidency, third letter to PartiesCOP31 Presidency · web pageHow it connects to company rules
COP decisions bind States; they reach companies through national law.
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